{"id":21991,"date":"2025-05-06T14:40:49","date_gmt":"2025-05-06T06:40:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hkioc.com.hk\/?page_id=21991"},"modified":"2026-04-24T02:41:29","modified_gmt":"2026-04-23T18:41:29","slug":"oral-cavity-cancer","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hkioc.com.hk\/en\/cancer-types\/oral-cavity-cancer\/","title":{"rendered":"Oral Cancer Symptoms, Causes, Examinations, and Treatments at a Glance"},"content":{"rendered":"

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You can find these in this article:<\/strong><\/div>\n
What is Oral Cavity Cancer?<\/a><\/div>\n
What Are The Main Causes of Oral Cancer?
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Symptoms of Oral Cavity Cancer<\/a><\/div>\n
How To Prevent Oral Cancer<\/a><\/div>\n
Conclusion<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Oral cancer is a malignant tumor that occurs in the mouth, with the majority being squamous cell carcinomas. It commonly affects mucosal areas such as the tongue, cheeks, gums, hard palate, and floor of the mouth, and can also be found on the lips, maxillary sinus, facial skin, and jawbone. Oral cancer most frequently occurs in adults aged 40\u201360 and is more common in men. Compared to tumors in other regions, oral cancer has a higher tendency to spread to lymph nodes. Due to its location on the face, it often leads to complications affecting eating, speech, and appearance. Treatment typically involves radical surgical removal as the primary approach, supplemented by individualized comprehensive therapy including radiation<\/a> and chemotherapy.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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1. Long-term Smoking, Alcohol Consumption, and Betel Nut Chewing<\/strong>
Most oral cancer patients have a long history of smoking and drinking. Studies show that individuals who smoke and drink have a 15.5 times higher risk<\/strong> of developing oral cancer compared to those who do neither. In recent years, the incidence of oral cancer among betel nut chewers has also risen significantly. Betel nut is classified as a Group 1 carcinogen<\/strong> by the World Health Organization (WHO)<\/a>. Frequent chewing of betel nut significantly increases the risk of oral mucosal lesions, which in turn raises the likelihood of developing oral cancer.<\/p>\n

2. HPV Infection<\/strong>
The human papillomavirus (HPV<\/a>)<\/strong>, which is transmitted through sexual activity and close contact, is another major risk factor. While HPV is known for causing cervical cancer in women, it has also been increasingly linked to the rise in oral cancer cases in recent years. Research shows that around 70% of newly diagnosed oral cancer patients are infected with HPV<\/strong>, making it an even more prominent carcinogenic factor than tobacco.<\/p>\n

3. Poor Oral Hygiene Habits<\/strong>
Poor oral hygiene allows bacteria and fungi to grow and multiply in the mouth, facilitating the formation of nitrosamines<\/strong>, a known Group 1 carcinogen. Chronic inflammation from poor dental care<\/a> can lead to cell overgrowth, making the tissue more vulnerable to carcinogens and promoting the development of oral cancer.<\/p>\n

4. Chronic Irritation and Injury<\/strong>
Habits such as eating excessively hot or spicy food<\/a>, or having sharp tooth edges, root fragments, or ill-fitting dentures, can lead to long-term irritation of the oral mucosa<\/strong>. This chronic irritation may result in persistent ulcers, which can eventually turn cancerous.<\/p>\n

5. Malnutrition<\/strong>
Deficiencies in vitamin A, vitamin C, iron, selenium, and zinc<\/strong> are associated with a higher risk of oral cancer. Inadequate intake of total protein and animal protein<\/a> may also be contributing factors.<\/p>\n

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If you have any questions about oral cancer, feel free to reach out.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/article>\n

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